United States Code

2023—Pub. L. 118–31, div. B, title XXVIII, §§2831(a)(2), 2832(a), 2833(b), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 753–755, substituted "Covered military unaccompanied housing: design standards" for "Military unaccompanied housing: local comparability of floor areas" in item 2856 and added items 2856a and 2856b. Addition of items 2856a and 2856b was made pursuant to operation of section 102 of this title.

2021—Pub. L. 117–81, div. B, §2003(b), title XXVIII, §2812(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2162, 2191, renumbered item 2879 in analysis under subchapter IV of this chapter as 2857 and transferred it to appear after item 2856.

Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title VIII, §818(b)(1), div. B, title XXVIII, §2811(k)(1)(A), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3751, 4326, added item 2851a and struck out item 2870 "Use of qualified apprentices by military construction contractors".

2019—Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VIII, §865(a)(2), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1524, added item 2870.

2018—Pub. L. 115–232, div. B, title XXVIII, §2806(a)(2), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2264, added item 2865.

2013—Pub. L. 112–239, div. B, title XXVIII, §2802(b), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2147, added item 2864.

Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1076(a)(22), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1949, made technical amendment to directory language of Pub. L. 112–81, §2815(c). See 2011 Amendment note below.

2011—Pub. L. 112–81, div. B, title XXVIII, §2815(c), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1689, as amended by Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, §1076(a)(22), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1949, substituted "Exchange of property at military installations" for "Conveyance of property at military installations to limit encroachment" in item 2869.

Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, §1075(d)(23), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4374, made technical amendment to directory language of Pub. L. 111–84, §2804(d)(2). See 2009 Amendment note below.

2009—Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, §2841(a)(2), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2680, added item 2867.

Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, §2804(d)(2), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2662, as amended by Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, §1075(d)(23), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4374, substituted "Conveyance of property at military installations to limit encroachment" for "Conveyance of property at military installations to support military construction or limit encroachment" in item 2869.

2006—Pub. L. 109–364, div. B, title XXVIII, §§2807(a)(2), 2808(b)(2), 2809(b), 2810(b), 2811(f)(2), 2851(c)(4), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2468–2471, 2473, 2495, added item 2861, inserted "or urban-training operations" after "force protection" in item 2859, substituted "Military unaccompanied housing: local comparability of floor areas" for "Limitations on barracks space by pay grade" in item 2856 and "to support military construction or limit encroachment" for "closed or realigned to support military construction" in item 2869, and struck out items 2857 "Use of renewable forms of energy in new facilities", 2864 "Military construction contracts on Guam", 2865 "Energy savings at military installations", and 2867 "Sale of electricity from alternate energy and cogeneration production facilities".

Pub. L. 109–163, div. B, title XXVIII, §2804(c)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3507, substituted "Authorized cost and scope of work variations" for "Authorized cost variations" in item 2853.

Pub. L. 108–375, div. B, title XXVIII, §2804(a)(2), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 2122, added item 2859.

2003—Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title X, §1044(b)(2), div. B, title XXVIII, §2805(a)(2), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1612, 1721, struck out item 2859 "Transmission of annual military construction authorization request" and added item 2869.

2001—Pub. L. 107–107, div. B, title XXVIII, §2803(b), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1305, struck out item 2861 "Annual report to Congress".

1997—Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title III, §371(c)(3), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1705, added items 2867 and 2868.

1996—Pub. L. 104–106, div. B, title XXVIII, §2818(a)(2), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 555, added item 2854a.

1993—Pub. L. 103–160, div. B, title XXVIII, §2803(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1885, added item 2866.

1990—Pub. L. 101–510, div. B, title XXVIII, §2851(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1804, added item 2865.

1989—Pub. L. 101–189, div. B, title XXVIII, §2807(b), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1648, added item 2864.

1987—Pub. L. 100–180, div. B, subdiv. 3, title I, §2303(b), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1215, added item 2863.

1986—Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIII, §1343(a)(21)(B), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3994, struck out "for five years" after "Availability of appropriations" in item 2860.

1985—Pub. L. 99–167, title VIII, §807(b), Dec. 3, 1985, 99 Stat. 988, added item 2862.

1982—Pub. L. 97–321, title VIII, §801(b)(3), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1571, substituted "renewable forms of energy in new facilities" for "solar energy systems" in item 2857.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Establishment of Civilian Employees for Oversight of Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing

Pub. L. 118–31, div. B, title XXVIII, §2836, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 759, provided that:

"(a) Establishment Civilian Employees.—

"(1) In general.—Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2023] and subject to paragraph (3), the Secretary of Defense shall issue regulations to require each Secretary of a military department to establish a civilian employee at the housing office of each military installation under the respective jurisdiction of each such Secretary to be responsible for oversight of covered military unaccompanied housing at that military installation. Such civilian employee shall be an employee of—

"(A) the Department of Defense; or

"(B) the military department concerned.

"(2) Supervisory chain.—Each civilian employee described in paragraph (1) and member of the Armed Forces described in paragraph (3) shall report to an appropriate supervisory civilian employee at the housing office for the applicable military installation.

"(3) Exception.—The requirement under the regulations issued pursuant to paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to military installations at which oversight of covered military unaccompanied housing is performed by a member of the Armed Forces with an occupational specialty that defines the primary duty of such member as a barracks manager or an equivalent occupation.

"(b) Limitation on Role by Members of the Armed Forces; Position Designation.—

"(1) Limitation.—The Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments concerned may not allow an enlisted member of the Armed Forces or commissioned officer to, as a collateral duty, be designated as a barracks manager or supervisor overseeing, managing, accepting, or compiling maintenance records for any covered military unaccompanied housing at the applicable military installation.

"(2) Designation.—Except as provided in paragraph (3) of subsection (a), the functions of a barracks manager or supervisor described in paragraph (1) shall be completed by a civilian employee described in paragraph (1) of such subsection.

"(c) Definitions.—In this section:

"(1) The term 'covered military unaccompanied housing' has the meaning given such term in section 2856 of title 10, United States Code (as amended by section 2831).

"(2) The term 'military installation' has the meaning given such term in section 2801 of such title."

Maintenance Work Order Management Process for Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing

Pub. L. 118–31, div. B, title XXVIII, §2837, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 759, provided that:

"(a) In General.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2023], the Secretary of Defense shall issue rules to establish for each military department a process associated with maintenance work order management for covered military unaccompanied housing under the jurisdiction of such military department that is—

"(1) in existence on or before the date of the enactment of this Act; or

"(2) constructed or used on or after such date of enactment.

"(b) Use of Process.—The processes required under subsection (a) shall include clearly defined requirements for effective and timely maintenance work order management, including requirements with respect to—

"(1) quality assurance for maintenance completed;

"(2) communication of maintenance progress and resolution with individuals responsible for the management of the covered military unaccompanied housing and the residents of such housing; and

"(3) standardized performance metrics, such as the timeliness of completion of maintenance work orders.

"(c) Administration.—The Secretary of each military department shall administer the process for maintenance work order management required under subsection (a) for the military department under the jurisdiction of such Secretary and shall issue or update relevant guidance as necessary.

"(d) Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing Defined.—In this section, the term 'covered military unaccompanied housing' has the meaning given in section 2856 of title 10, United States Code (as amended by section 2831)."

Uniform Index for Evaluating the Condition of Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing Facilities

Pub. L. 118–31, div. B, title XXVIII, §2838, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 760, provided that:

"(a) In General.—Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2023], the Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment, shall establish a uniform index for evaluating the condition of covered military unaccompanied housing facilities—

"(1) that exist as of the date of the enactment of this Act; and

"(2) that are constructed or used on or after such date.

"(b) Completion of Index.—Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, each Secretary of a military department shall apply the uniform index established under subsection (a) to evaluate the condition of each military installation under the jurisdiction of each such Secretary.

"(c) Definitions.—In this section:

"(1) The term 'covered military unaccompanied housing' has the meaning given in section 2856 of title 10, United States Code (as amended by section 2831).

"(2) The term 'military department' has the meaning given in section 101 of such title.

"(3) The term 'military installation' has the meaning given in section 2801 of such title."

Elimination of Flexibilities for Construction Standards for Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing

Pub. L. 118–31, div. B, title XXVIII, §2841, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 762, provided that:

"(a) In General.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 2023], the Secretary of Defense and each Secretary of a military department shall modify all directives, instructions, manuals, regulations, policies, and other guidance and issuances of the Department of Defense or appropriate military department to eliminate the grant of any flexibilities to the standards for construction of new covered military unaccompanied housing.

"(b) Matters Included.—The requirement under subsection (a) shall include modifications that remove the flexibility provided to the military departments with respect to new construction standards for covered military unaccompanied housing, including modification of the Department of Defense Manual 4165.63 titled 'DoD Housing Management' and dated October 28, 2010 (or a successor document).

"(c) Covered Military Unaccompanied Housing Defined.—In this section, the term 'covered military unaccompanied housing' has the meaning given in section 2856 of title 10, United States Code (as amended by section 2831)."

Improvement of Security of Lodging and Living Spaces on Military Installations

Pub. L. 117–81, div. B, title XXVIII, §2815, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2193, provided that:

"(a) Assessment.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2021], the Secretary of Defense shall conduct an assessment of all on-base dormitories and barracks at military installations for purposes of identifying—

"(1) locking mechanisms on points of entry into the main facility, including doors and windows, or interior doors leading into private sleeping areas that require replacing or repairing;

"(2) areas, such as exterior sidewalks, entry points, and other public areas where closed-circuit television security cameras should be installed; and

"(3) other passive security measures, such as additional lighting, that may be necessary to prevent crime, including sexual assault.

"(b) Emergency Repairs.—The Secretary of Defense shall make any necessary repairs of broken locks or other safety mechanisms discovered during the assessment conducted under subsection (a) not later than 30 days after discovering the issue.

"(c) Report.—

"(1) In general.—Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees [Committee on Armed Services and Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives] a report on the results of the assessment conducted under subsection (a).

"(2) Elements.—The report under paragraph (1) shall include—

"(A) a cost estimate to make any improvements recommended pursuant to the assessment under subsection (a), disaggregated by military department and installation; and

"(B) an estimated schedule for making such improvements."

¹ So in original. Does not conform to section catchline.